Pistol



F. W. FULLERT-ON.

PISTOL. APPLICATION FILEDYAPR. I, 1920.

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PISTOL.

APPLICATION FILED APR. I. 1920.

Patented N ov. 2, 1920.

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PISTOL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 2, 1920.

Application filed April 1, 1920. Serial No. 370,514.

1o all lwhom t may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK W. FUL- LER-TON, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at St. Paul, in the county of Bamsey and State ofMinnesota, have invented new and useful improvements in Pistols, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in pistols.

rhe object of my invention is to provide a simple and durable pistol sodesigned that substantially Vits entire length is taken up by thebarrel. 'By placing the Afiring niecl1 anism forward of the head of thecartridge, l make it possible to have an unusually long Abarrel andeliminate the necessity for an independent extractor by utilizing thestriker for this purpose.

A Afurther object is to provide a pistol in which barrels of variouslengths and Vcalibers may be quickly and easily substituted, one Vforthe other.

' My preferred form is adapted for use with yrim 'fire cartridges only,but my alter nate construction is adapted for use vwith center firecartridges as well.

1n ythe accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation of myimproved pistol partially in section, with-one side of the grip removed;Fig. 2 is a detail view of the breech latch; Fig` 3 is a perspectiveview of the barrel; Fig. 4 is a perspective viewof the preferredconstruction of the hammer 5- and Fig. 5 is a side elevation partiallyin section showing an alternate con? struction of the firing andextracting mechanism.

Referring to the drawings, I have used vthe numeral 1 to indicate thepistol barrel,

2 the frame, 3 the barrel retaining screw, 4 the trigger, 5 the sear, 6the hammer, 7 a hammer cooking knob, 8 the main spring, 9 the striker,which also performs the function of an extractor, and 1() the breechlatch.

The letter C. indicates a cartridge.

Thebarrel 1 (Fig. 3) is formed with a rib 11 on its under side adaptedto lit into and slide in a corresponding groove in the .frame 2. A-slot12 in the under surface of the rib 11 is adapted to receive the end ofv.the 4retaining screw 3 when the barrel 1 is ,in place Von the frame 2.The breech end of the barrel 1 is formed above with a roundedV groove-l3, which is engaged by the latch 10 when thel barrel is Yin firingposition, and a notch 14 in the lower edge of the breech providesclearance for the striker V9 to impinge against the flange of the headof a cartridge C.

The barrel retaining screw 3 is threaded in a tapped hole in the frame2, its head is knurled to -facilitate turning with the fingers and itsupper end 17 projects into the slot 12 of the barrel.

The trigger 4 (Fig. 1) is pivoted on a pintle 4tL in the frame 2 andengages the end of a linger 5b of the searV 5, at'its upper end, while aspringV 4b located near its lower end in the frame 2 tends to hold itagainst a surface 4C of the frame 2. The finger is formed integral withthe sear 5 which is pivoted on a pin 5a in the frame 2. The

lhammer 6, shown in detail in Fig. 4, has

the cocking knob 7 rigidly mounted thereon and pivots about a pin 18which passes through a drilled hole 6n in the hammer G. he ends of 4saidpin 18 are rigidly held in the frame 2. The hammer 6 is provided with aslightly raised and hardened surface 19 which is adapted to impingeagainst the end of the striker 9 (Fig. l) or, in the alternateconstruction shown in Fig.V 5, against av firing pin 40, hereinafterdescribed. rFhe shank 7, Fig. 4, of the knob 7 passes out through theslot 7", Fig. 5, in the frame 2. Notches 20, in the hammer 6 are adaptedto be engaged by the end of the scar 5, and a spherical recess l21 isadapted to receive a ball 22 formed on the upper end of a spring rod 23in a manner to form a pivot joint between the rod 23 and the hammer 6.krlihe upper notch 2O is engaged by the sear 5 in the full cock positionof the hammer 6, and the lower notch 20 is engaged by said. sear 5 whenthe hammer is in half cock position. The lspring rod 23 has an enlargedportion 24, adapted to form a stop for the upper end of the main spring8 and the lower end of said rod fits loosely into a drilled hole 25 in aboss 26 of the frame 2. The main spring 8 is coiled around the rod 23and is held under compression between the under side of the enlargedportion 24 of the rod 23 and the upper surface of the boss 26.

The combination striker and extractor 9 is formed with a notch 27through which a small pin 28 passes, and a shoulder 29 provided with vastud 30 is adapted to be engaged by one end of a coiled spring 31. Theupper end of the combination striker and extractor extends into thenotch 14lin the barrel 1. The coiled spring 31 tends to hold the strikerand extractor against a surface 32 of the frame 2 and away from the headof the cartridge C.

The breech latch 10, shown in detail in Fig. 2, caps a projection 2 ofthe frame 2 and ivots about a pin 38 in said projection 2a. baidprojection forms an abutment for the breech end of the barrel 1. A lip34, (Fig. 2) adapted to conform to and engage the notch 13 in the barrel1, is made on the latch 10. A spring 35, in a recess in said projection2al of the frame 2 tends to hold the latch 10 in the position shown inFig. 1, and a roughened portion 10@l -is adapted to be pressed forwardwhen it is desired to disengage the lip34 from the notch 13 in thebarrel. Such pressure permits the barrel to slide forward.

In the alternate construction, shown in Fig. 5, I provide firingmechanism which is adapted for use on center fire cartridges, it beingimpossible to strike the percussion cap in such a cartridge from thefront as hereinbefore described. A striker 3 6 is pivoted on a pin 37 inthe projection 2a of the frame 2, and a firing pin 40 extends from thelower end of said striker to the striking surface 19 of the hammer 6.The firing pin 40 'is formed with a cone shaped end 4i which normallyrests in an externally threaded bushing 38. rIjhe bushing 38 is screwedinto the frame 2 and forms a stop for the firing pin 40. A spring 39 iscoiled around the firing pin 40 and is under compression between thecone shaped end 41 of the firing pin 40 and a shoulder 42 in the frame2. An ex'- tractor 43, pivoted on a pin 44 in the frame 2 and having aspring 45 to hold it upward, is provided in this alternate construction.

In operation the pistol is cocked by press-Y ing the knob 7 forward anddownward. Vhen the upper notch 20 passes the end of the sear 5, thescar, under the action of the spring 4b, will engage said notch and holdthe hammer 6 in the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1, againstthe action of the main spring 8, until the trigger 4 is pressed. Thenpressure is applied to the trigger 4, the sear 5 is withdrawn from thenotch 2O and the spring 8 throws the hammer 6 upward, bringing thesurface 19 forcibly against the end of the striker 9. As the notch 28allows the striker 9 to move upward, against the action of the spring31, this drives the point of the striker into the liange or rim of thecartridge C, thereby discharging said cartridge. The breech is openedand the discharged cartridge case eX- tracted by pressing the Vlatch 10and pulling the barrel l forward to the position shown in dotted linesin Fig. 1. As this is done, the point of the striker being embedded inthe flange of the empty cartridge case, the case is withdrawn from thechamber of the bore and falls or can be easily removed from the end ofthe striker. The end of the screw 3 coming against the end of the slotl2 forms a stop when the breech is opened. Another cartridge may now beinserted in the chamber and the barrel slid back until the latch 10again engages the notch 13 to hold the barrel in firing position. Whenthe barrel l is returned to the firing position with a new cartridge` inthe chamber, the head of the cartridge, coming against the projectinpoint of the striker 9, forces the upper en of the said strikerVdownward against the action of the spring 31, while the striker pivotsabout the pin 28.

The operation of the alternate construction shown in Fig. 5 is identicalwith that just described as far as the operation of the barrel, trigger,sear and hammer is concer-ned, but when the trigger is pressed thesurface 19 on the hammer 6 impinges against the cone shaped end 41 ofthefiring pin 40, moving said in to the right and upward (as shown in Fig.5) compressing the spring 39, forcing the striker 36 to pivot about thepin 87 and driving the pointed end of said striker into the head of thecartridge C thereby firing the pistol.

The barrel 1 can be removed by merel unscrewing the screw 3, releasingthe latch 10 and sliding the barrel forward until the rib 17 becomesdisengaged fromthe groove in the frame 2. This facilitates theinterchange of one barrel for another.

Llaving described my invention what I claim as new and desire to protectby Letters Patent is:

1. A pistol having a frame and a barrel mounted on said frame, a stopfor said barrel at the breech end of said frame, a latch adapted toengage said barrel in firing position, a strikerarranged to impingeagainst the forward side of the flange of a cartridge,

loesl a rearwardly acting hammer adapted to imchamber adapted to receivea cartridge, the` breech end of said ybarrel having a notch arranged toallow access to the forward side of the flange of the cartridge in saidchamber and a striker slidable and tiltable in said frame adapted toimpinge against the cartridge in said chamber through said notch in saidbarrel.

3. In a pistol, a frame, a grip on said frame, a barrel slidablelongitudinally on said frame and projecting over the heel of the grip, achamber for a cartridge in the breech of said barrel, a striker arrangedto impinge Vagainst the cap of a cartrid e in said chamber and arearwardly acting ammer in front of said breech arranged to actuate saidstriker.

4. In pistol, the combination of a frame and a barrel, slidablelongitudinally on said frame, having a chamber adapted to receive acartridge, a rib on said barrel, a groove in said frame formed toreceive said rib to hold said barrel on said frame, the breech end ofsaid barrel being formed with a notch arranged to allow access to theforward side of the flange of a cartridge in said chamber and a strikerslidable and tiltable in Said frame adapted to impinge against acartridge in said chamber through said notch in said barrel.

5. A pistol having'a rameand a barrel, slidable longitudinally on saidframe, having a chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, a stop for saidbarrel at the breech end of said frame, a latch pivotally mounted onsaid stop and adapted to engage said barrel in firing position, a springmounted in said frame to hold said latch in engagement with said barreland rearwardly acting ring mechanism adapted to impinge against thepercussion cap of said cartridge.

6. A pistol having a frame and a barrel on said frame, a projection onsaid frame to close the breech end of said barrel, a latch pivotallymounted on said projection and adapted to engage said barrel in iringposition, a striker adapted to impinge against the forward side of theflange of a cartridge, a rearwardly striking hammer adapted to impingeagainst said striker and means for actuating said hammer.

7. A pistol having a frame and a barrel slidable longitudinally on saidframe, a projection at the breech end of said frame to close the breechof said barrel, a latch pivotally mounted on said projection and adaptedto engage said barrel in firing position, a screw in said frame, a slotin said barrel engaging said screw t0 limit the movement of said barrel,a combination striker Aand extractor formed and arranged to impingeagainst the forward side of the flange of a cartridge, a rearwardlystriking hammer adapted to hit said combination striker and extractorand means for actuating said hammer.

8. In a pistol, the combination of a frame and barrel slidablelongitudinally on said frame and having a chamber adapted to receive acartridge, a rib on said barrel, a groove in said frame formed toslidably engage said rib and hold said barrel on said frame, a notch inthe breech end of said barrel, a striker slidable in said frame andarranged to strike a cartridge in said chamber through said notch insaid barrel, a slot in said barrel and a screw positioned in said frameto enter said slot and limit longitudinal movement of said barrel.

9. A pistol having a frame and a barrel slidable longitudinally on saidframe, a stop for said barrel at the breech of said frame, a latchpivotally mounted on said stop and adapted to engage said barrel infiring position, a spring mounted in said frame to hold said latch inengagement with said barrel, a rearwardly acting hammer pivoted in saidframe, a striker slidable in said frame, a sear to engage and releasesaid hammer, a finger on said sear and a trigger to engage said ingerand actuate said sear.

10. In a pistol, a frame, a barrel mounted on said frame, a chamber toreceive a cartridge in the breech of said barrel, a striker arranged toimpinge against the ring point of a cartridge in said chamber anda'hammer forward of the breech of said barrel arranged to actuate saidstriker.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name to this seciiication.

FREDERICK W. F LERTON.

